Free Astrology Tool

Planetary Hours Calculator

Astrolium's free planetary hours calculator returns the Chaldean planetary ruler of every hour of the day for any date and location, in under 300 ms.

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What is Planetary Hours?

The Astrolium planetary hours calculator returns the Chaldean planetary ruler of every hour of any day, for any location on Earth, in under 30 seconds. Sunrise and sunset are computed exactly from the Swiss Ephemeris; the Chaldean rotation runs over the resulting 12 day-hours and 12 night-hours. No login, no email, no upload.

This is the free preview. The full predictive timing feature layers planetary hours over the daily transit picture so you can pick electional moments inside the larger timing structure. For related electional and timing techniques, see the profections calculator and the Saturn return calculator. For the $29 per month Pro tier with full electional search, see pricing.

What you get

The Astrolium planetary hours calculator returns the Chaldean planetary ruler of all 24 hours of any day at any location: 12 day-hours from sunrise to sunset, 12 night-hours from sunset to sunrise, with each hour's exact start and end time. Inputs are a date and city; the tool computes sunrise and sunset for the location, divides the daylight span by 12 and the night span by 12 (so day-hours and night-hours rarely match the 60-minute clock hour), and walks the Chaldean order (Saturn, Jupiter, Mars, Sun, Venus, Mercury, Moon) from the first hour after sunrise, ruled by that day's planet. Each row reports start time, end time, planetary ruler, and a one-line read on the kind of action the hour supports. Math runs on Swiss Ephemeris, accurate to under 1 arc second. Practitioners use the table for fine-grained electional work inside an already-chosen day. Free, no account required.

The output is a table. Twelve rows for the day-hours, twelve for the night-hours. Each row gives the start and end time (local), the planetary ruler, and a one-line read on the kind of action the hour supports. The first day-hour after sunrise is ruled by the day-ruler, the planet the day is named after. The sequence then rotates through the Chaldean order, repeating across the full 24-hour cycle.

The Chaldean order

Seven classical planets, ranked from slowest to fastest apparent motion as seen from Earth:

  1. Saturn, the outermost classical planet, 29.4571-year orbit
  2. Jupiter, 11.86-year orbit
  3. Mars, 1.88-year orbit
  4. Sun, 1-year apparent revolution
  5. Venus, 224.7-day orbit
  6. Mercury, 87.97-day orbit
  7. Moon, 27.3-day sidereal cycle

The ordering is documented in Ptolemy's Tetrabiblos in the 2nd century and survives intact through medieval Arabic and European astrology. The sequence repeats: after Moon comes Saturn again, looping continuously through the 24 hours.

The Chaldean rotation is also why the days of the week are named the way they are. The planet ruling the first hour of one day determines the planet ruling the first hour of the next. Start with Saturn on Saturday morning. After 24 hours, the rotation lands you back on Sun, which gives Sunday its name. Continue the rotation through the week and you generate the entire seven-day weekday sequence in Western languages.

How long is a planetary hour

Not 60 minutes. The day from sunrise to sunset is divided into 12 equal parts; the night from sunset to sunrise into 12 equal parts. In summer at mid-latitudes, day-hours run roughly 70 minutes and night-hours roughly 50. In winter, the reverse. At high latitudes near the solstices, hours can stretch to 90 minutes or compress to 30.

Astrolium computes sunrise and sunset to the second from the Swiss Ephemeris, then divides each into 12 exact equal-parts. Day-hour 1 begins at sunrise. Night-hour 1 begins at sunset.

Day ruler, night ruler, hour ruler

Three layers of rulership in classical electional work.

The day ruler is the planet of the calendar day: Saturn on Saturday, Sun on Sunday, and so on. The day ruler frames the broadest tone of any electional window inside that day.

The night ruler is a separate convention some traditions use, marking the planet ruling the first night-hour after sunset. The first night-hour of Saturday is not Saturn; the rotation continues across the sunset boundary, so the night ruler of Saturday is whichever planet the Chaldean sequence reaches when night-hour 1 lands.

The hour ruler is the planet of the specific hour you're working with. The hour ruler is the precision lever in electional work: same Saturday, different hour, different action supported.

Use cases for electional work

Pick the moment so the planetary energy supports the action.

Sun hour: visibility, leadership, public statement. Schedule the keynote, the press release, the recorded interview.

Moon hour: emotional ground, beginnings of cycles, anything involving the public or a domestic audience. Open a community thread. Plant in a garden. Start a habit.

Mars hour: initiative, contest, surgery, anything requiring direct cutting action. Begin the negotiation. Schedule the procedure. Send the cease-and-desist.

Mercury hour: communication, contracts, negotiation, code. Send the cold pitch email. Sign a contract. Deploy. Mercury rules Wednesday and the hours that bear its name.

Jupiter hour: expansion, growth, fundraising, anything benefiting from generosity or audience. Make the ask. Sign the term sheet. Launch the book. Pitch the investor.

Venus hour: relating, design, aesthetics, anything where charm and proportion matter. Send the love letter. Present the design review. Schedule the wedding.

Saturn hour: discipline, structure, anything requiring boundary or constraint. Set the contract terms. Schedule the difficult conversation. Begin the work that needs to last.

Cross-reference the chosen hour against the day's transit picture. A Jupiter hour during a Saturn-square-Jupiter transit reads differently from a Jupiter hour during a Jupiter trine. The hour sets the foreground; the transits set the background.

Why this matters for traditional astrology

Planetary hours are the foundational electional unit in medieval and Renaissance Arabic astrology, in Hermetic magic, and in the surviving Chaldean source material. William Lilly's Christian Astrology (1647) uses them throughout horary work. John Frawley's The Real Astrology (2000) treats them as a living technique. The Picatrix uses them to schedule talismanic operations.

Astrolium treats planetary hours as a working technique, not a curiosity. The calculator is built for practitioners who use them in client work: picking surgery times, contract signings, business launches, talismans. The math runs on the same Swiss Ephemeris kernel that drives the rest of the platform; the convention is whole-Chaldean with no modern alterations. For deeper background on this tradition, read the hellenistic astrology guide. For questions you want to time an answer to, see the horary calculator.

How the math runs

Swiss Ephemeris DE431 computes sunrise and sunset to the second for the input location and date. The day arc is divided into 12 equal segments; the night arc into 12 equal segments. The Chaldean rotation starts with the day-ruler at sunrise and proceeds through the 24-hour cycle.

The location field auto-detects timezone, latitude, and longitude from any city worldwide. The optional timezone override lets you specify if you're in a region with non-standard offsets. Polar latitudes during the summer or winter solstice produce degenerate cases. When sunrise doesn't happen, Astrolium flags the convention break and offers the civil-twilight workaround used in classical sources for high-latitude work.

Nothing is stored. Nothing is emailed.

After the calculator

A planetary hour reads inside the larger sky. The same Mars hour falling during a Mars-square-Saturn transit reads differently from the Mars hour during a Mars trine Jupiter.

For the structured way to read planetary hours inside the full transit picture, see the predictive timing feature. For the year-frame timing the hour sits inside, run the profections calculator. For the major returns that mark structural moments above the daily hour level, see the Saturn return calculator.

Cross-link

Pair this with the profections calculator for the year's time-lord and the zodiacal releasing calculator for the chapter-level frame. For the major return calculators that mark structural electional moments, see Saturn return, chiron return, jupiter return, and venus return. For the deeper interpretive context on traditional electional work, see the hellenistic astrology guide.

Related

Frequently asked questions

What is the Chaldean order of the planets?
The Chaldean order is Saturn, Jupiter, Mars, Sun, Venus, Mercury, Moon: the seven classical planets ranked from slowest to fastest apparent motion as seen from Earth. Planetary hours rotate through this sequence repeatedly across the 24 hours of a day, with the first hour after sunrise ruled by the day-ruler. The convention is documented in Ptolemy's Tetrabiblos and survived intact into medieval Arabic and European astrology, including William Lilly's Christian Astrology.
How long is a planetary hour?
Not 60 minutes. Planetary hours divide the period from sunrise to sunset into 12 equal day-hours and the period from sunset to sunrise into 12 equal night-hours. In summer, day-hours run longer than 60 minutes and night-hours shorter; in winter, the reverse. Astrolium computes the exact duration for any date and latitude. At high latitudes near the solstices a day-hour can be 90 minutes or 30 minutes.
What's the planetary hour used for in practice?
Electional astrology: picking the moment to start something so the planetary energy supports the action. Sign a contract in a Jupiter hour for expansion. Start surgery in a Saturn hour for containment and structure. Send the cold email in a Mercury hour. Plant in a Moon hour. Astrolium surfaces the next 24 hours so you can see the full sequence and pick the moment that matches the action. John Frawley's Real Astrology covers the working method in detail.
Why is the day named after a planet?
The seven-day week derives from planetary hours. The planet ruling the first hour after sunrise is also the planet ruling the day. Sunday = Sun. Monday = Moon. Tuesday = Mars (Tiu in Norse, Mars in Romance). Wednesday = Mercury (Woden / Mercredi). Thursday = Jupiter (Thor / Jeudi). Friday = Venus (Freya / Vendredi). Saturday = Saturn. The convention is older than the Roman Empire and traces back to Hellenistic Egypt.
Does this need an exact location?
Yes. Planetary hours depend on local sunrise and sunset, which depend on latitude, longitude, and date. Astrolium auto-detects the timezone from your location input and computes sunrise and sunset to the second from the Swiss Ephemeris. The hours are then divided exactly into 12-equal-parts day and 12-equal-parts night.

Want this inside your client roster?

Run the calculator above for a one-off chart, or save every chart you cast to a client profile in Astrolium.